FOOTWORK
Tai sabaki: Footwork.
Hanmi: The basic aikido triangular stance.
Ai: The same. Ai hanmi: Standing so that uke and nage have the same foot forward.
Gyaku: Opposite.
Gyaku hanmi: Standing so that uke and nage have opposite feet forward.
Migi: Right.
Hidari: Left.
Tenkan: A turning movement involving sweeping the backward leg 180º and changing directions.
Tenkai: A pivot 180º without moving the leg position.
Tenshin: Stepping backwards at a 45º angle off the line of attack.
ATTACKS
Shomenuchi: A direct frontal strike using the hand like a sword.
Yokomenuchi: A side strike to the head using the hand as a sword.
Tsuki: A punch.
Tekubi: Wrist.
Ushiro: Rear.
Ushiro tekubi tori: Rear wrist grab.
Kata: Shoulder or a set of fixed stylized movements.
Tori: Grab.
Kata tori: Shoulder grab.
Katate: Wrist.
Katate tori: Wrist grab.
Morotetori: Two hands grabbing one.
Ryotetori: Two hands grabbing two.
Eritori: Collar grab, usually from behind.
Hijitori: Elbow grab.
Kubishime: A choke hold or attack.
Men: Head.
Uchi: Inside way or to strike.
Katatori men uchi: A shoulder grab and shomen uchi combined.
Katatetori men uchi: A wrist grab and shomen uchi combined.
TECHNIQUES
Waza: Technique.
Ikkyo: The first immobilization, armbar.
Nikkyo: The second immobilization, uke’s wrist and elbow at 90º, upward spiral twist on uke’s wrist.
Sankyo: The third immobilization, elbow at 90º, upward spiral twist on uke’s wrist.
Yonkyo: The fourth immobilization, the nerve technique.
Gokyo: The fifth immobilization, similar to ikkyo but for defense against knife attacks.
Shiho nage: Four directions throw.
Kotegaeshi: A basic wrist throw in which the wrist is twisted outwards.
Irimi: Entering.
Irimi nage: Entering throw.
Kokkyu: Breath.
Kokkyu nage: Breath throw or the class of techniques which throw uke without employing joint techniques.
Koshi: Hip.
Koshinage: Hip throw.
Kaiten: Rotary.
Kaitennage: Rotary throw.
Udekimenage: A throw applying pressure to the underside of uke’s elbow.
Juji: Character for ten in Japanese and looks like a cross.
Jujinage or Jujigarami: A throw in which uke’s arms are crossed against each other at the elbows.
Ten: Heaven.
Chi: Earth.
Tenchi Nage: A technique in which one of the nage’s arms is directed up and the other one is down.
Otoshi: Throw.
Sumiotoshi: Corner throw.
Aikiotoshi: A throw in which nage pins uke’s legs together.
Ude: Arm.
Osae: Pin.
RELATIONSHIPS
Nage: To throw or the partner executing a technique.
Uke: The initial attacker and the one who receives the technique.
Jodan: Upper way or position.
Chudan: Middle way or position.
Gedan: Lower way or position.
Omote: A variation of a technique that is done generally to uke’s front.
Ura: A variation of a technique generally done towards uke’s rear side.
Soto: Outside.
Uchi: Inside.
POSTURES
Seiza: The seated position with the legs folded under the torso.
Kiza: Like seiza but up on the toes.
Shizentai: Natural standing posture.
Hasso gaeshi: A posture using the jo in which the jo is held vertical at shoulder level.
BROAD CLASSES OF TECHNIQUE
Suwari waza: Both uke and nage are in seiza or kiza.
Hamni handachi: Uke is standing and nage is seated.
Tachi waza: Standing techniques.
Tachi or boken or bokuto: A wooden sword.
Ken: A sword.
Tachi tori: Techniques against attack with a boken.
Jo: A wooden staff roughly reaching to the armpit.
Jo tori: Techniques applied against attacks with a jo.
Tanto: Knife.
Tano tori: Techniques against knife attacks.
Kumitachi: Partner boken work.
Kumijo: Partner jo work.
Suburi: Solo boken practices.
EXERCISES
Undo: Exercise.
Sayo undo: Side lateral swing exercise.
Ude furo undo: Arm spinning exercise.
Tenkan undo (Tai no henko): A turning exercise involving a 180º spin or turn.
Tekubi kosa undo: An exercise drawing the arms forward against an imaginary rear two handed grab.
Ikkyo undo: An exercise in which the arms are raised as in shomenuchi ikkyo.
Kogyu undo: Rowing exercise.
Ushiro tori undo: An exercise practicing a defense against an imaginary bear hug from behind.
Ushiro tekubi tori zenzen undo: An exercise practicing a defense against an imaginary tow handed rear grab.
Yoko hiki: Side stretching exercise.
Tekubi shindo: Wrist shaking exercise.
Furitama: An exercise in which the hands are cupped and pressed against the body at the hara and pulsed rhythmically.
TRAINING UNIFORM
Gi: Practice uniform, usually a white karate or judo one.
Obi: The belt worn with the keiko gi.
TRAINING TERMS
Keiko: Practice.
Onegai Shimasu: Literally, “please teach me”, used between partners before practicing or by the group at the start of the class.
Doomo arigatoo goziamasu: “Thank you very much”, used by the group at the end of class or by partners when through practicing.
Gomen nasai: “I’m sorry”, used when one person has fallen into another or any other appropriate time.
Moo ichido, or Moo ikkai: Do it once again.
Ukemi: Protective falling.
Sutemi waza: High falls.
Shikko: Knee walking.
Kata: A set, stylized series of movements.
Atemi: A strike or blow intended to take uke’s mind, to disorient, shock or perhaps damage uke.
Rei: Bowing.
Reigi: Etiquette.
Sempai: Senior.
Kohai: Junior.
BASIC CONCEPTS
Kuzushi: Balance.
Hara: The center of gravity which should be about two inches below the navel and corresponds to the third charka.
Ki: Universal life force, or inner energy.
Ki no musubi: To tie together or match ki.
Zanshin: To hold a thought, in aikido to hold the final posture of a technique for a moment.
Ma ai: The concept of a proper distance which retains ki connection and yet forces the opponent to commit in order attack.
Reipaku: The vertical alignment of the body in the energetic column connecting heaven and earth.
Yama no hibiki: Literally mountain echo, refers to sending out an energetic pulse to draw in or disorient uke.
Kotodama: The science and practice of using sound vibrations to purify the body.
Mitami shizume: A breathing exercise involving long inhalations and exhalations.
Chinkon Gyoho: A specific practice of O’ Sensei’s and Sensei’s involving specific sounds and movements to align the body’s energies with the Universal Energies.
Shiatsu: Acupressure.
Zen: A Japanese form of Buddhism and meditation.
Sen no sen tachi: The sword of initiative, moving at the precise moment of intention of uke and prior to uke’s actual movement.
Ato no sen: Setting the second beat. It involves moving out of uke’s line of attack as uke’s energy expands and then expanding into uke as uke’s energy naturally contracts.
Kiri harai: A sword cut that extends outward and then is drawn back physically but with continued ki extension forward.
Kiri komi: A sword cut which physically extends during the cut.
Kannagara: In the rhythm or flow. Existing in the stream of the Universal consciousness.
Kami: Spirits or demigods in Shinto.
Shinto: The native religion of Japan believing that all things have a spirit and that the people, after death can become Kami.
Takemusu Aiki: The true warrior spirit of transcending the realm of competition. The spirit of the sword that gives life.
Budo: The way of the warrior.
Misogi: Ritual purification, the process of purification.
by http://studentorganizations.missouristate.edu/aikido/Aikido%20Terminology%20Glossary.htm
